While Nasrallah's death presents new challenges for Hezbollah, the movement's history suggests it will survive and recover. Professor Sanam Vakil argues, “Hezbollah knows that any escalation may lead to a conflict it cannot win, but not responding could weaken its legitimacy.” The assassination of Nasrallah may provoke retaliation from Hezbollah and its allies, escalating violence in the region and increasing tensions in Lebanon, Iraq, and Syria. This could result in military interventions by regional and international powers, further complicating the Middle East's security landscape.